X2CrNiMo17-12-2
316L
1.4404 stainless steel materials are also known as 316L quality . Grade 316 stainless steel is commercially the second austenitic grade after 304 only .
316 stainless steel contains a molybdenum addition that provides enhanced corrosion resistance. This is particularly evident in pitting and crevice corrosion in chlorinated environments.
316L , the low carbon version of 316 stainless steel , is immune to carbide precipitation (sensitization) at the grain boundary. This makes it suitable for use in heavy caliber (more than about 6 mm) welded components.
For high temperature applications, a high carbon variant, 316H stainless steel and stabilized grade 316Ti stainless steel should be used.
The austenitic structure of 316 stainless steel provides excellent toughness even at cryogenic temperatures.
The property data given in this document is typical for bar and section products in EN 10088-3: 2005 . ASTM, EN or other standards can cover all products sold. It is reasonable to expect the specifications in these standards to be similar, but not necessarily the same as those given in this datasheet.
316Ti stainless steel grade contains a small amount of titanium. Titanium content is typically only around 0.5%. Titanium atoms stabilize the structure of 316 at temperatures above 800 ° C. This prevents carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries and protects the metal from corrosion. The main advantage of 316Ti is that it can be kept at higher temperatures for longer without sensitivity (precipitation) occurring. 316Ti retains physical and mechanical properties similar to standard 316 grades.
Corrosion Resistance
316 grade stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance when exposed to a range of corrosive environments and environments. Generally considered "marine grade" stainless steel, it is not resistant to warm seawater. Hot chloride environments can cause pitting and crevice corrosion. 316 grade is also subjected to stress corrosion cracking above 60 ° C.
Weldability
Fusion welding performance for 316 stainless steel is excellent, both filled and unfilled. 316 and 316 recommended filler rods and electrodes for, respectively, 316 and 316 are identical to the parent metal. Heavily welded sections may require post-weld annealing. 316Ti quality can be used as an alternative to 316 in heavy section welds .
Oxyacetylene welding has not been found to be successful in joining 316 stainless steel.
Hot Processing
All common hot working methods can be performed on 316 stainless steel. Hot processing below 927 ° C should be avoided. Ideal for hot working temperature range 1149-1260 ° C 'is. Post-work annealing is recommended to ensure optimum corrosion resistance.
Cold Processing
Grade 316 is easily braked or rolled into various pieces. It is also suitable for stamping, heading and drawing, but post-working annealing is recommended to reduce internal stress.
Cold working will increase both the strength and hardness of 316 stainless steel.
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